Baroreceptor Reflex Control of Blood Pressure

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* Increased blood pressure stretches the carotid arteries and aorta causing the baroreceptors to increase their basal rate of action potential generation.
* Action potentials are conducted by the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves to the cardio-regulatory and vasomotor centers in the medulla oblongata.
* As a result of increased stimulation from the baroreceptors, the cardio-regulatory centers increase parasympathetic stimulation to the heart, which decreases the heart rate.
* Also, as a result of increased stimulation from the baroreceptors, the cardiovascular center decrease sympathetic stimulation to the heart, which decreases heart rate and stroke volume.
* The vasomotor center decrease sympathetic stimulation to blood vessels, causing vasodilation. The vasodilation, along with the decreased heart rate and decreased stroke volume bring elevated blood pressure back toward normal.
* If the initial problem were a decrease in blood pressure, the activities and effects of the baroreceptors, cardiovascular centers and vasomotor center would be the opposite of what is illustrated.
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